@article{Heybroek_Sahlman_2018, title={A hydraulic hybrid excavator based on multi-chamber cylinders and secondary control – design and experimental validation}, volume={19}, url={https://journals.riverpublishers.com/index.php/IJFP/article/view/146}, DOI={10.1080/14399776.2018.1447065}, abstractNote={<p>In this paper, a special type of multi-chamber cylinders along with secondary controlled hydraulic motors are key components in the design of a highly efficient hydraulic series hybrid system. The system is developed for and tested on a large excavator (30-ton class). The evaluated system supports potential and kinetic energy recovery and storage using hydraulic accumulators. Through proper sizing of components and sophisticated valve control, an energy-efficient flexible and robust hybrid system is achieved. The study describes how the demonstrator is tested in real truck loading cycles. A detailed energy analysis is also presented to explain the energy flow inside the hybrid system.</p>}, number={2}, journal={International Journal of Fluid Power}, author={Heybroek, Kim and Sahlman, Mika}, year={2018}, month={Aug.}, pages={91–105} }